Posted by phil-news-nospam on August 4, 2008, 12:17 am
| There is another connection commonly used in industry. Draw your coils again,
| except arrange them in a "star" configuration. One end of each coil is
| attached to all the others. This is the neutral. Each coil is good for 120
| volts. Two coils are good for 120*sqrt(3) = 208. A wire from each of two of
| the coils and one from the neutral form the familiar 3 wire service, only this
| time it is 120/208 volts.
It is almost exclusive for new installations now days. Many utilities make
it hard or impossible to get delta. You have to have 208Y/120, 480Y/277, or
600Y/347 in this voltage class. I've seen one utility that also offered a
240Y/139 system presumably to support all those old 240 volt 3-phase motors.
--
|WARNING: Due to extreme spam, googlegroups.com is blocked. Due to ignorance |
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| Phil Howard KA9WGN (email for humans: first name in lower case at ipal.net) |
Posted by Solar Flare on August 4, 2008, 2:09 pm
Delta systems are not meterable accurately and most system providers are
trying to rid their system of it, despite what Blondell stated when 5%
accuracy was acceptable.
Also delta systems need to be insulated to carry large common-mode voltage
swings with primary voltages bleeding through the winding capacitances and
stray influences breaking down insulations. Not to mention one customer
grounding a phase and another customer's equipment starting on fire from it.
Wye systems have their own problems and many farm animals (not Neon John)
don't like it.
> | There is another connection commonly used in industry. Draw your coils
> again,
> | except arrange them in a "star" configuration. One end of each coil is
> | attached to all the others. This is the neutral. Each coil is good for
> 120
> | volts. Two coils are good for 120*sqrt(3) = 208. A wire from each of
> two of
> | the coils and one from the neutral form the familiar 3 wire service,
> only this
> | time it is 120/208 volts.
> It is almost exclusive for new installations now days. Many utilities
> make
> it hard or impossible to get delta. You have to have 208Y/120, 480Y/277,
> or
> 600Y/347 in this voltage class. I've seen one utility that also offered a
> 240Y/139 system presumably to support all those old 240 volt 3-phase
> motors.
> --
> |WARNING: Due to extreme spam, googlegroups.com is blocked. Due to
> ignorance |
> | by the abuse department, bellsouth.net is blocked. If you post
> to |
> | Usenet from these places, find another Usenet provider ASAP.
> |
> | Phil Howard KA9WGN (email for humans: first name in lower case at
> ipal.net) |
Posted by daestrom on August 4, 2008, 7:31 pm
Solar Flare wrote:
> Delta systems are not meterable accurately and most system providers
> are trying to rid their system of it, despite what Blondell stated
> when 5% accuracy was acceptable.
Rubbish. If you can accurately meter three-phase three-wire systems, it
doesn't matter if the source is wye or delta. The only trouble is that
accurately metering three-phase unbalanced load requires more than just a
single, single-phase meter. Something the average residence service doesn't
use. But industrial installations have been doing it for generations,
Blondell not-withstanding.
daestrom
Posted by Solar Flare on August 4, 2008, 7:53 pm
Sorry. You are out of date.
Metering a current with a voltage that may or may not be phase or magnitude
related is not an accurate method capable of passing todays stricter
standards required in Canada. The whole system has to meter at better than
1% accuracy and that means after instrument transformer inaccuracies the
meter and method needs to be better than 0.5%, usually.
Your guess method doesn't meet the standards, anymore with an unbalances
system. Some of the HV lines crossing Ontario have seasonal 2 degree shifts
in one phase and that disqualifies accurate metering on delta systems. Not
happening anymore
Better luck next guess.
> Solar Flare wrote:
>> Delta systems are not meterable accurately and most system providers
>> are trying to rid their system of it, despite what Blondell stated
>> when 5% accuracy was acceptable.
> Rubbish. If you can accurately meter three-phase three-wire systems, it
> doesn't matter if the source is wye or delta. The only trouble is that
> accurately metering three-phase unbalanced load requires more than just a
> single, single-phase meter. Something the average residence service
> doesn't use. But industrial installations have been doing it for
> generations, Blondell not-withstanding.
> daestrom
>
Posted by Ulysses on August 4, 2008, 2:40 pm
wrote:
> <solar farts deleted>
> >
> >Forgive me if this has already been answered, but if you have 3-phase
power
> >aren't they 120 degrees apart? I understand how this would work just
fine
> >for single-phase 120 volts but if you want to use it for 240 volts would
it
> >work? Don't they need to be 180 degrees apart (exact opposite phase)?
> >
> True. To understand, draw out a delta connection. Three coils arranged
in
> series in a triangle. Each secondary is a 240 volt winding.
> Now pop down a center tap on one of the coils. Draw three wires coming
away
> from that one wire, one from the center tap and one from each end.
> There is your 120/240 single phase. Over on the other side of the
triangle,
> draw a 4th wire. That is the "stinger" or "wild" leg. It and the two
wires
> from the ends of the center-tapped winding form the 240 volt 3 phase
supply.
> This is called a split-delta because one side of the delta is
center-tapped or
> "split".
> Now erase one of the coils. If the center-tapped coil is on the
horizontal
> then you'll have one horz coil and one angling off. You STILL have 4
wires
> exiting, three from the horz coil and one from the diagonal coil. Still
> 120/240. Still 240 three phase.
> This is called a split open delta. It can supply less power than a full
delta
> but with the advantage of only two pigs.
> This type of service, open or closed split delta, is used when the
majority of
> the customer's load is single phase but he needs just a little 3 phase. A
3
> phase HVAC unit, for example.
> There is another connection commonly used in industry. Draw your coils
again,
> except arrange them in a "star" configuration. One end of each coil is
> attached to all the others. This is the neutral. Each coil is good for
120
> volts. Two coils are good for 120*sqrt(3) = 208. A wire from each of two
of
> the coils and one from the neutral form the familiar 3 wire service, only
this
> time it is 120/208 volts.
Wow, I was actually able to follow all that in my head without drawing it.
You guys are doing a good job educating me.
> This is commonly done when the majority of a customer's load is 3 phase
but
> where some lighting power is needed. The 208 is a PITA because 240 volt
> heating appliances don't work nearly as well. Motors are usually designed
to
> run on voltage that low.
> John
> --
> John De Armond
> See my website for my current email address
> http://www.neon-john.com
> http://www.johndearmond.com <-- best little blog on the net!
> Tellico Plains, Occupied TN
> Serenity: That feeling of knowing that your secretary will never tell
either of your wives.
> again,
> | except arrange them in a "star" configuration. One end of each coil is
> | attached to all the others. This is the neutral. Each coil is good for
> 120
> | volts. Two coils are good for 120*sqrt(3) = 208. A wire from each of
> two of
> | the coils and one from the neutral form the familiar 3 wire service,
> only this
> | time it is 120/208 volts.
> It is almost exclusive for new installations now days. Many utilities
> make
> it hard or impossible to get delta. You have to have 208Y/120, 480Y/277,
> or
> 600Y/347 in this voltage class. I've seen one utility that also offered a
> 240Y/139 system presumably to support all those old 240 volt 3-phase
> motors.
> --
> |WARNING: Due to extreme spam, googlegroups.com is blocked. Due to
> ignorance |
> | by the abuse department, bellsouth.net is blocked. If you post
> to |
> | Usenet from these places, find another Usenet provider ASAP.
> |
> | Phil Howard KA9WGN (email for humans: first name in lower case at
> ipal.net) |